Gerhard Nahler, Trevor M Jones, and Ethan B Russo

ABSTRACT

“Cannabidiol (CBD) is the primary cannabinoid in “fibre-type” cannabis chemovars (hemp) and the subject of intensive research.

In addition to cannabinoids, Cannabis sativa species produce several
hundreds of other phytocompounds such as terpenes and phenolic compounds that can produce a wide variety of effects and are
claimed to modify the action of CBD, in extracts and other derivatives
(“entourage effect”). Different hemp varieties demonstrate a large
genetic variability of the profile of phytocompounds which is further
modified by agroclimatic factors and processes after harvest such
as extraction. Overall, the pharmacological effects of hemp extracts,
particularly when grown in outdoor culture, are likely to vary due to
the variable profile of their phytocompounds. Consequently, a generalization of the medicinal properties of different extracts is therefore not possible. This review summarizes the complex interaction of
CBD with its main targets, possible modulatory effects by other phyto- and endocannabinoids and the possible impact of concomitant
phytosubstances in hemp extracts such as terpenes and flavonoids.
For a better understanding of the “entourage effect” and to enable
a systematic investigation of differences between chemovars and
derivatives, future clinical studies need to ensure proper characterisation of phytocompounds content beyond the concentration of CBD
and THC.”

FOR FULL ARTICLE AND THANKS TO THE ICCI AND HSOA Journal of Alternative, Complementary & Integrative Medicine, PLEASE CLICK HERE

Review Article

Cannabidiol and Contributions of Major Hemp Phytocompounds to the “Entourage Effect”